High-yielding cultivation techniques of cress
The production of cress is high and stable, with few diseases and insect pests. It is not affected by the weather conditions and it is easy to cultivate pollution-free food. In general, the yield per mu (1 mu = 667 square meters, the same below) is about 3,000 kg, and the high-yield field can reach more than 5000 kg.
1. Choosing
The choice of fertile soil, good water retention and nutrient retention, and convenient irrigation and drainage of shallow flooded fields, spring corn fields, and early soybean fields are more suitable.
2. Soil fertigation
7-10 days before sowing, 2000-2500kg of high-quality organic fertilizer or 100-150kg of cake fertilizer is applied per acre, and then deep plowing and water-holding are performed. The more times of ploughing, the deeper the ploughing, and the longer the time of preparation. The longer, the easier it is to get high yields. In the last land preparation, 50-75 kg of compound fertilizer was applied per acre, and it was required to reach a flat surface, and Takata was built around it (with a height of 50 cm or more) and a thin layer of water was poured.
3. Germination
Cress propagation generally adopts vegetative propagation. Before and after the autumn, the seedlings of the planting field will be cut off. The thick and uniform stems and stems will be selected for planting. The stems will not mature enough and the stems will be tied and bundled. Cross stacking, grass cover, watering once in the morning and evening each time, keep moist, cloudy or rainy days should be piled up to prevent the pile heat, rot. When the root buds of each node produce new root buds with a length of 1-2 cm, the seedlings are removed and placed in water, and the rotten leaves can be drained for seeding. Daejeon planting is generally in late August - late 10th. Early planting, early harvest, large individual plant leaves, low price and poor efficiency; too late planting low temperature, slow growth, small tree unfavorable and high yield. Plant spacing 15 cm 15 cm, 2400 - 3000 plants per mu.
4. Water management
The depth of the water layer should follow the principle of shallow-exposed-light-deep. That is, 5 to 7 days after the watercress discharge, the thin water is poured to promote rooting. However, in high temperature weather, water should be poured until the submergence seedlings are removed. Excessive water will be removed after the high temperature and the seedlings will float and move. Seedlings 15 - 20 days later when the seedlings up to 8-10 cm when draining field water, light shelfage 5 - 7 days, promote hair roots and roots under the extension, and then complex shallow water 3 - 5 cm. 30-35 days after planting, when the plant is up to 15 centimeters in length, the root system has basically formed and 5-7 cm deep water should be poured. Gradually deepen the water layer as the plant grows, keeping the plant exposed to the surface of 10 to 15 centimeters, which can not only promote the growth of the plant, but also ensure the normal photosynthesis, and increase the degree of softening and tenderness of petiole and stem and leaf, and improve product quality. After winter, the growth of cress is stopped, and the water layer should be deepened to prevent frost. The water layer can be deepened to about 5 cm from the tip of the leaf and gradually drained to the normal water level when the sunny day turns warm in winter.
5. timely fertilizer
The growth period of cress is long and requires a large amount of fertilizer. Generally, it is necessary to top-dress 2 to 3 times during the growth process. First, at the seedling stage, when the seedlings are grown to 2-3 leaves after the seedlings are seeded, they are in late August and late September. The temperature is higher, and the mother stems have gradually decayed and new plants have grown. In the heterotrophic stage, in order to promote the early rooting of cress, and rapid growth, it is appropriate to apply topdressing fertilizer once, and 2000-3000kg of urine or 10-7kg of urea per acre. The second is the vigorous growth period. In early October and early November, the climate is moderate and the temperature is appropriate. It is the most vigorous growth of veterinary vegetative growth. At this time, the number of leaves and branches is increasing, the weight gain of each plant is accelerated, and various nutrients are absorbed. , Must reapply a branch of fertilizer, topdressing urea 15 - 20 kg per mu, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5 - 8 kg. The third is that according to the growing trend of the seedlings, it is appropriate to apply topdressing once. Dry the field water before each fertilization and rehydrate 24-30 hours after application. Growth delay can no longer be top-dressing.
6. Collection and retention
The timing of harvesting depends on the type of planting, sooner or later, and is generally harvested 90 to 100 days after planting. Scheduled in late August, as long as the management to keep up, can be harvested in late November. The seeds are planted in early September and harvested in batches from late December to April. Seedlings should be selected as plant strains with high plant height, thick stems, short internodes, concentrated branches, and no pests. At the end of March-early April, the sunny and warm weather was selected and uprooted. Every 2-3 plants were a hole and they were transplanted into planting fields with a spacing of 10 cm. The water layer is mainly shallow water of 5-7 cm, which is conducive to raising the water temperature and promoting new roots and hair trees. In case of a cold wave, the seedlings were nursed in time to protect the seedlings, and after the cold wave, they were discharged into the shallow water layer. When the plant height grows to 28-30 centimeters, the ramets should be separated and transplanted to expand elsewhere. Top dressing before the occurrence of stolons, topdressing urea 8 - 10 kg per acre, interval 20 days, then topdressing a fertilizer, when the celery seedlings grow to transplant height, before transplanting Daejeon.
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